The Red Fort (Lal Kila) in Delhi is not just an iconic structure but also a symbol of India’s rich history, culture and architectural brilliance. Standing proudly on the banks of the Yamuna River, this majestic fort was once the seat of Mughal emperors for over 200 years. Its red sandstone walls, sprawling courtyards and intricate architecture make it one of the most significant landmarks in India. A UNESCO World Heritage Site in Delhi since 2007, the Red Fort attracts millions of visitors every year, offering them a glimpse into the glorious past of the Mughal Empire.
This comprehensive article will cover everything you need to know about the Red Fort - from its entry fees, timings and location to its fascinating history, architecture and major attractions. Additionally, we will provide answers to some common FAQs about the fort to help you plan your visit better.
The Red Fort, also known as Lal Kila, is a massive fortification in the heart of Delhi, constructed from red sandstone. The fort served as the main residence of Mughal emperors from the mid-17th century until the British colonial era. Built by the great Mughal emperor Shah Jahan between 1638 and 1648, the fort stands as a monumental example of Mughal architecture, with a sprawling complex that includes stunning structures, ornate gates and beautiful gardens.
Today, the Red Fort is a major historical site and one of Delhi’s most popular tourist attractions. It is also where India’s Independence Day is celebrated every year, with the Prime Minister hoisting the Indian flag from the fort’s ramparts. This tradition, which began in 1947, makes the Red Fort an important national symbol.
The history of the Red Fort dates back to the early 17th century when the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan decided to shift the capital of his empire from Agra to Delhi. The construction of the fort began in 1638, and it was completed in 1648. It was designed to serve not only as the royal residence for the Mughal emperors but also as a symbol of the might and grandeur of the Mughal Empire.
Shah Jahan, known for commissioning the Taj Mahal, put a great deal of effort into ensuring the fort's design was magnificent. The Red Fort was intended to reflect the prosperity of the Mughal dynasty, with a blend of Persian, Timurid, and Indian architectural styles. The fort’s strategic location on the Yamuna River was chosen for its accessibility, security, and aesthetic value.
During the Mughal reign, the Red Fort saw many expansions and modifications. The fort was home to several Mughal emperors, including Aurangzeb, who made some changes to the structure during his reign. The fort continued to serve as the seat of power until 1857 when the British East India Company took control after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (Sepoy Mutiny). Following the rebellion, the British exiled the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar and the fort was used for various administrative purposes under British rule.
The Red Fort witnessed many changes under British rule, including the removal of several of its original structures and artifacts. However, despite the changes, the fort retained much of its grandeur and continued to be a symbol of India's heritage. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2007 and remains one of the most significant historical monuments in India.
Emperor Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal ruler, is credited with the construction of the Red Fort. He commissioned the fort’s construction in 1638, as part of his ambition to create a new capital for his empire. The project was designed by the architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri, who is also known for his role in designing the Taj Mahal.
The fort was built over a period of ten years, with the majority of the work completed by 1648. Shah Jahan’s reign is known for its architectural achievements, and the Red Fort is one of the most prominent examples of his patronage of art and architecture. The design of the fort was heavily influenced by Persian architecture and the structures within the fort complex reflect the opulence and grandeur of the Mughal Empire.
The Red Fort is a stunning example of Mughal architecture, combining elements of Persian, Timurid, and Indian styles. The fort covers an area of about 255 acres and features massive walls that stretch over 2.5 kilometers in length. The walls are made of red sandstone, which gives the fort its iconic name, Lal Kila.
Entrance Gates: The fort has two main gates — the Delhi Gate and the Lahori Gate. The Delhi Gate is the main entrance and is known for its imposing structure. The Lahori Gate, facing the city of Lahore, is more intricately designed and was the ceremonial entrance used by the emperor.
Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience): This hall is where the emperor would meet his subjects and hear their grievances. It is an open structure with arches and beautifully decorated columns, where the emperor would sit on a marble throne and hold court.
Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience): This hall was reserved for private meetings between the emperor and his court members. It is famous for its exquisite marble inlay work, including the Peacock Throne, which was one of the most renowned symbols of Mughal grandeur.
Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque): This mosque, built by Emperor Aurangzeb, is a beautiful example of Mughal architecture with its delicate white marble interiors.
Shah Burj (Shah Jahan's private residence): This area of the fort was the emperor’s private quarters, featuring lavishly decorated rooms with stunning views of the Yamuna River.
Nahr-i-Bihisht (Stream of Paradise): This is a beautiful water channel that runs through the fort, connecting several gardens and courtyards. The water channel was designed to create a serene and tranquil environment, symbolizing paradise.
Red Sandstone Walls: The most prominent feature of the fort is its towering walls made of red sandstone. The walls rise to a height of 33 meters (108 feet) and are punctuated with imposing gates and intricate carvings.
Entry Fee of Red Fort:
For Indian citizens: ₹35
For Foreign nationals: ₹550
Children below 15 years: Free entry
Audio Guide: Available for ₹150-₹250 depending on language
The entry fee provides access to the fort’s main attractions, including the Diwan-i-Aam, Diwan-i-Khas, Moti Masjid, and other important sections of the fort. Audio guides and guides are available at the entrance for a more immersive experience.
Opening Hours: 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM (Closed on Mondays)
The fort is open to visitors throughout the week except for Mondays when it remains closed for maintenance.
It is advisable to arrive early to avoid the crowds, especially during weekends and public holidays.
The Red Fort is vast, with several important buildings, gardens, and museums worth visiting. Here are some of the main highlights:
Lahori Gate: Start your visit at the Lahori Gate, the main entrance to the fort. This gate is a marvel of Mughal architecture and is adorned with beautiful carvings.
Diwan-i-Aam: This large hall was used for public gatherings. The emperor would sit on a raised platform while the common people gathered to seek justice or present petitions.
Diwan-i-Khas: This elegant chamber was used by the emperor for private audiences with his ministers and dignitaries. It’s famous for its marble inlay work and the Peacock Throne, which was looted by the Persians in the 18th century.
Moti Masjid: A stunning white marble mosque built by Emperor Aurangzeb, located in the northern part of the fort.
The Museum: The Red Fort has a museum that showcases Mughal artifacts, paintings, and historical items, providing insights into the history and culture of the Mughal Empire.
Imperial Baths and Gardens: Explore the imperial baths and lush gardens that were once part of the royal residence.
The Best time to visit the Red Fort is during the winter months (October to March) when the weather in Delhi is pleasant and cool. The summer months (April to June) can be extremely hot, making it difficult to explore the fort comfortably. If you're looking for a more peaceful visit, try going early in the morning when the fort is less crowded.
Location:
The Red Fort is located in the central part of Old Delhi, near the famous Chandni Chowk market. The fort is situated on the banks of the Yamuna River and is easily accessible from various parts of Delhi.
Address:
Red Fort, Netaji Subhash Marg, Chandni Chowk, New Delhi, Delhi 110006, India.
By Metro: The closest metro station to the Red Fort is the Chandni Chowk Metro Station, which is just a 5-10 minute walk from the fort.
By Bus: The fort is well connected by the Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) buses, with several bus stops near the entrance.
By Taxi/Auto: Taxis and auto-rickshaws are readily available in the city and can take you directly to the fort.
By Car: There are parking facilities available near the fort, but it can get crowded, especially on weekends.
Chandni Chowk Market: Explore the bustling market of Chandni Chowk, known for its narrow lanes, street food, and historical shops.
Jama Masjid: Visit the nearby Jama Masjid, one of India’s largest mosques, which is located just a short walk from the Red Fort.
Raj Ghat: Pay a visit to Raj Ghat, the memorial of Mahatma Gandhi, located a few kilometers from the fort.
Rang Mahal: Check out the Rang Mahal, also known as the Palace of Colours, known for its beautiful frescoes and stunning architecture.
The Red Fort in Delhi is more than just a historical monument - it’s a living testimony to India’s past, culture and resilience. With its awe-inspiring architecture, rich history, and prime location, a visit to the Red Fort is an unforgettable experience for anyone interested in exploring India’s Mughal heritage. With Red Fort you can also visit other famous places to visit in Delh by booking the Same Day Delhi Tour Package. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, architecture lover, or simply a curious traveler, the Red Fort offers something for everyone.
Q 1. What is the entry fee for Red Fort?
The entry fee for Indian citizens is ₹35 and for foreign nationals, it is ₹550. Children under 15 years old can enter for free.
Q 2. Who built the Red Fort?
The Red Fort was built by Emperor Shah Jahan between 1638 and 1648.
Q 3. What are the main attractions inside the Red Fort?
Key attractions include the Diwan-i-Aam, Diwan-i-Khas, Moti Masjid, Shah Burj, and the Museum.
Q 4. What is the best time to visit Red Fort?
The best time to visit is from October to March during the winter months when the weather is more pleasant.
Q 5. How do I reach the Red Fort?
The fort is accessible by metro (Chandni Chowk Station), bus, taxi, or car.
Q 6. Can I get an audio guide at the Red Fort?
Yes, audio guides are available at the entrance for ₹150-₹250.
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